PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.